Estimates are required multiple times in a project. Project members need to make estimates for a variety of reasons, these include: The amount of time for a task;The cost for resources;The cost of software, hardware and other materials;The time required to finish a task.However, there are many problems with estimates.  This presentation focuses on the sociological and psychological aspects of doing estimates. It teaches attendees the environmental issues that affect estimates and how to deal with their impact. Through class interaction, it shows both the psychological and sociological factors that affect how estimates are given and provides leaders with tools to help avoid the common pitfalls. By avoiding these situations, estimates become more representative of the project and more variation more predictable. Controlling both of these, help the Project Manager avert trouble. This a very interactive presentation. It has a short exercise and throughout the presentation, attendees are required to make estimates on doing the exercise again under a number of situations.